What Is Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)?

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) refers to a pattern of behavior within an intimate relationship that results in physical, sexual, or psychological harm. IPV occurs between current or former partners and includes:

• Physical aggression (e.g., hitting, slapping, choking)
• Sexual coercion or assault
• Psychological or emotional abuse
• Controlling and isolating behaviors

IPV is a form of gender-based violence (GBV) that affects individuals regardless of age, race, religion, or socioeconomic background.

Scope and Impact of IPV

Globally, IPV is one of the most common forms of violence experienced by women. According to the World Health Organization (2021):

26% of women globally have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by a current or former male partner.

Health Consequences of IPV

• Injuries and long-term physical harm
• Mental health disorders: depression, anxiety, PTSD
• Unplanned pregnancies and reproductive issues
• Substance use and self-harm
• Impaired social, academic, and work functioning

Social Consequences

• Stigmatization and isolation
• Poor academic or workplace performance
• Cycle of violence passed onto children

Intimate Partner Violence in South Africa

In South Africa, IPV is a national crisis. Despite progressive legal frameworks and intervention programs, many survivors still lack access to safety and justice.

According to the National Shelter Movement of South Africa:

• IPV remains the most common form of domestic violence.
• Cultural norms and gender inequality continue to perpetuate abuse.
• Women are disproportionately affected by intimate partner violence.

MOSAIC GBV AND IPV Training Service & Healing Centre is actively working to shift these societal dynamics by providing prevention, legal support, psychosocial services, and advocacy.

Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence

Multiple factors contribute to the likelihood of IPV occurring. These include:

Individual Level

• History of trauma or abuse
• Unemployment and poverty
• Alcohol or substance misuse
• Traditional beliefs about gender roles

Relationship Level

• Marital dissatisfaction
• Power imbalances and control
• Reproductive coercion

Community & Societal Level

• High crime rates and weak law enforcement
• Exposure to political or armed conflict
• Norms supporting male dominance and violence

How Can Intimate Partner Violence Be Prevented?

Preventing IPV requires multi-level interventions that address root causes, shift harmful gender norms, and empower individuals.

Effective IPV Prevention Strategies:

• Education & Awareness: School-based programs like Safe Dates promote respectful relationships.
• Economic Empowerment: Initiatives like IMAGE (microfinance + gender training) reduce IPV risk.
• Community Mobilization: Campaigns such as SASA! challenge societal norms that justify violence.
• Legal Reforms: Advocating for stricter enforcement of protection orders and support for survivors.

MOSAIC’s Role in Combating IPV

Since 1993, MOSAIC has been a leading voice in South Africa’s fight against intimate partner violence. We support survivors through:

• Legal support: Helping victims access protection orders and navigate the justice system
• Counselling & therapy: Trauma-informed care for survivors and their children
• Shelter & safety: Referrals to safe spaces and emergency accommodation
• Community workshops: Empowering communities to prevent GBV and IPV

Contact MOSAIC today if you or someone you know is experiencing intimate partner violence.

Take Action Against IPV

Change begins with awareness and community involvement. Here’s how you can help:

• Support survivors by believing and listening without judgment
• Donate to NGOs like MOSAIC that provide direct services
• Challenge harmful gender norms in your community
• Report abuse and encourage others to seek help